Plants Identified

Lobelia cardinalis

Cardinalflower

Family: Campanulaceae

Native Region: Eastern US and Canada, Southern US

Plant Community: Red Maple Swamp

Size: 1-6′ tall

Hardiness Zone:

Habitat: Prefers full sun to very light shade in constantly wet soil. Soil should be kept cool and moist, and requires disturbance to sprout. Found in woodland edges, ditches, ravines, depressions, openings in forests, stream banks, wetlands, roadsides, prairies, plains, meadows, pastures, savannas, adjacent to ponds, and swamps. Will tolerate clay, limestone, and sandy soil. Propagated through seeds or burying down part of the stem

Leaf: Dark green leaf in the summer. Perennial.

Flower: Bright red flowers in the shape of cones, blooming May to October. Blue fruit. They take two years to bloom.

Ecosystem Services: Young plants not resistant to deer, but nectar attracts hummingbirds, butterflies, and birds. Great for drainage areas as it requires disturbance and wet soil to sprout, as well as rain gardens.

https://plants.usda.gov/core/profile?symbol=LOCA2

https://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=loca2

https://gobotany.nativeplanttrust.org/species/lobelia/cardinalis/

Glyceria striata

Fowl Mannagrass

Family: Poaceae

Native Region: Southern Canada and all of US

Plant Community: Red Maple Swamp

Size: 1-4′ tall, quick spreading

Hardiness Zone:

Habitat: Found in bogs, seeps, wet woods, swamps, shaded ditches, and standing water. Part of wetland forest communities, especially willow and aspen. Prefers moist soil but also can tolerant upland conditions, and on a range from acidic to slightly alkaline. Full sun to produce substantial seed, but is also very shade tolerant.

Leaf: Greenish-brown grass with beige-purple, dropping seeds. Perennial

Flower: No flowers, but seeds July-September

Ecosystem Services: Used a rapidly colonizer for restoration of swamps, marsh edges, ponds, streams, and wetlands. It can be used to exclude invasive canarygrass (Phalaris arundinacea). Good for grazing for livestock and elk, as well as other woodland species. Can withstand standing water for multiple years.

https://plants.usda.gov/core/profile?symbol=GLST

https://gobotany.nativeplanttrust.org/species/glyceria/striata/

https://www.minnesotawildflowers.info/grass-sedge-rush/fowl-manna-grass

Magnolia macrophylla

Bigleaf Magnolia

Family: Magnoliaceae

Native Region: Central eastern US

Plant Community:

Size: 30-40′ tall and wide

Hardiness Zone: 5-8

Habitat: Found in bottomland woods, rich wooded slopes, alluvial woods, and bottoms of mountains. Prefers rich, acidic soils, well-drained soils in full sun to part shade. Intolerant of soil moisture extremes and urban pollutants.

Leaf: Large, yellow-green leaves that are silver grey underneath in the summer, yellow-brown in the fall.

Flower: Large, white-purple flowers, blooming in May.

Ecosystem services: Mainly used as an ornamental and alongside water sources.

http://www.missouribotanicalgarden.org/PlantFinder/PlantFinderDetails.aspx?kempercode=a884

https://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=MAMA2

https://plants.sc.egov.usda.gov/core/profile?symbol=MAMA2

Stewartia pseudocamellia

Japanese Stewartia

Family: Theaceae

Native Region: Japan

Plant Community:

Size: 12-40′ tall, 8-25′ wide

Hardiness Zone: 5-8

Habitat: Found on rocky, well-drained Japanese slopes from 1000-2600′ elevation. Prefers moist, rich, well-drained, acidic soil in full sun to partial shade. Tolerates poor, clay soil conditions. Prefers shade in warmer climates.

Leaf: Green leaves transition to vibrant red in, purple, and yellow in the fall. Bark is primarily ornamental since it is scaly, metallic, and high contrast of taupe, chestnut, gold, grey, and brown,

Flower: White, showy flowering blossoming June-July.

Ecosystem services: Works best as ornamental for winter interest in well-drained, acidic, or poor soil, or areas prone to drought.

http://www.missouribotanicalgarden.org/PlantFinder/PlantFinderDetails.aspx?kempercode=m440

Stewartia Pseudocamellia

Click to access stepsea.pdf

Pinus slyvestris

Scotch Pine

Family: Pinaceae

Native Region: Europe and Asia, Naturalized: Northeastern US, eastern and western Canada

Plant Community:

Size: 30-60′ tall, 30-40′ wide

Hardiness Zone: 2-6

Habitat: Found in anthropogenic, forest edges, shrublands or thickets, and roadsides. Prefers moist, acidic, well-drained soil in full sun. Climatically prefers cooler summers and does not fare well in southern heat and humidity. Can tolerate a range of conditions, like urban conditions and poor soil, but cannot tolerate sitting water. Moderately drought tolerant.

Leaf: Bluish-green needs in clusters of 2, do one complete twist from base to tip. Evergreen.

Flower: Yellow flowers turn into brown-yellow cones in the spring to fall.

Ecosystem services: Good choice for areas that are moist now but will become more prone to drought in the future, but should be planted with caution in areas that are rapidly heating. Serves well as a windbreak and as a Christmas tree.

http://www.missouribotanicalgarden.org/PlantFinder/PlantFinderDetails.aspx?kempercode=c229

https://plants.sc.egov.usda.gov/core/profile?symbol=PISY

https://gobotany.nativeplanttrust.org/species/pinus/sylvestris/

Pinus pungens

Table Mountain pine

Family: Pinaceae

Native Region: Central eastern US

Plant Community: Oak Hickory

Size: 40-60′ tall

Hardiness Zone: up to 6

Habitat: Found in rocky mountain slopes & ridges. Prefers dry, rocky, acidic, infertile, poor, shallow soil in full sun.

Leaf: Yellow-green bundles of usually two but sometimes three needles. Evergreen.

Flower: Non-flowering, but large spiny cones persist on tree.

Ecosystem services: Good choice for ares of drought and poor, acidic soil conditions which are difficult for other species, but is not considered a colonizer because it is slow growing. Works well in plant communities with Pitch Pine, Shortleaf Pine, Chestnut Oak, White Pine-Chestnut Oak, Virginia Pine-Oak. It does well with Acer rubrum, Nyssa sylvatica, Oxydendrum arboreum, Pinus rigida, Quercus prinus, Quercus coccinea, and Robinia pseudoacacia. Additional plant community information available from the USDA Southern Research Station.

https://www.srs.fs.usda.gov/pubs/misc/ag_654/volume_1/pinus/pungens.htm

https://plants.sc.egov.usda.gov/core/profile?symbol=PIPU5

https://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=PIPU5

https://conifersociety.org/conifers/pinus-pungens/

Pinus echinata

Short-Leaf Pine

Family: Pinaceae

Native Region: Southeastern and eastern US

Plant Community: Oak Hickory

Size: 50-60′ tall, 20-35′ wide

Hardiness Zone: 6-9

Habitat: Found in dry, sandy, and rocky condition; wooded ravines; bluffs & upland plains. Prefers average, dry to medium moisture, sandy, acidic, well-drained soil in full sun. Will tolerate some shade and a range of soil conditions.

Leaf: Dark, blueish-green needles. Evergreen.

Flower: Non-flowering.

Ecosystem services: This is the most adaptable and drought tolerant of southern pines, so can be used in areas with harsh soil conditions and dry soil. Also attracts butterflies.

http://www.missouribotanicalgarden.org/PlantFinder/PlantFinderDetails.aspx?kempercode=v130

https://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=PIEC2

https://plants.sc.egov.usda.gov/core/profile?symbol=PIEC2

Betula nigra

River Birch

Family: Betulaceae

Native Region: Eastern US

Plant Community: Urban growth

Size: 40-70′ tall, 40-60′ wide

Hardiness Zone: 4-9

Habitat: Found in floodplains, swampy bottomlands, along streams, and anthropogenic sites. Prefers moist, acidic, fertile soil including semi-aquatic soil but can also tolerate dry ones, tolerates bad drainage situations. Most heat tolerant of all birches.

Leaf: Medium dark summer leaves transition to yellow in the fall.

Flower: Brown male flowers and green female flowers bloom from April to May.

Ecosystem services: Good choice for a shade tree or rain garden. It’s tolerance of deer, drought, clay soil, wet soil, black walnut, air pollution, and winter conditions make this a very adaptable tree for a range of applications and conditions. Using this species in river environments will prevent stream bank erosion, protect water quality, better aquatic environments.

https://www.missouribotanicalgarden.org/PlantFinder/PlantFinderDetails.aspx?kempercode=x800

https://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=BENI

https://gobotany.nativeplanttrust.org/search/?q=Betula+nigra

https://plants.sc.egov.usda.gov/core/profile?symbol=BENI

Dirr, Michael A. Manual of Woody Landscape Plants: Their Identification, Ornamental Characteristics, Culture, Propagation and Uses. Stipes, 2010.

Amelanchier nantucketensis

Nantucket Shadbsuh

Family: Rosaceae

Native Region: Northeastern US

Plant Community: Old Field, Red Maple Swamp

Size: 4-5′ tall, 4-5′ wide

Hardiness Zone: 3-6

Habitat: Found in sunny, dry, sandy habitats including old fields, grasslands, some areas close to water, sand plains, pine barrens, ridges/ledges, roadsides and disturbed sites. Prefers dry to medium moisture, sandy, well-drained soils in full sun.

Leaf: Shiny green summer leaves transition to orange-red in the fall.

Flower: White flowers, blooming from April to May.

Ecosystem services: This is a good choice for areas with dry soil or areas that are in need of erosion control.

https://gobotany.nativeplanttrust.org/species/amelanchier/nantucketensis/,

https://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=AMNA2,

https://plants.sc.egov.usda.gov/core/profile?symbol=AMNA2,

https://www.missouribotanicalgarden.org/PlantFinder/PlantFinderDetails.aspx?taxonid=293434&isprofile=0&

Dirr, Michael A. Manual of Woody Landscape Plants: Their Identification, Ornamental Characteristics, Culture, Propagation and Uses. Stipes, 2010.

Corylopsis spicata

Spike Winter Hazel

Family: Hamamelidaceae

Native Region: Mountainous regions of Japan

Plant Community:

Size: 4-6′ tall, 6-10′ wide

Hardiness Zone: 5

Habitat: Prefers average, well-drained garden soil that has medium moisture in full sun to part shade. Should be sheltered from high winds, afternoon shade, and frost.

Leaf: Leaves first grow as bronze-purple, then transitions to blue-green from spring to summer, then transition to a yellow-green to yellow-pink in the fall. Leaf structure is porous and delightful.

Flower: Bright yellow flowers with pink and red stamens bloom from March to April.

Ecosystem services: This is best if used as an ornamental in protected areas prone to erosion or drying because of its spreading nature.